1
21
26
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/96d45114f69ad9305a4dec41e262358e.jpg
319b77f2f838003116dab45151f5433c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canadian Values
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photo
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Stained glass window, City Hall
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
Courts
Toronto City Hall
City halls
Description
An account of the resource
This is a photograph of a stained glass window in Toronto's City Hall
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
William James
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
City of Toronto Archives, Fonds 1244, Item 323
William James [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AStained_glass_window_at_City_Hall.jpg
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1910
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public Domain
Credit: City of Toronto Archives, Fonds 1244, Item 323
William James [Public domain or Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
City of Toronto Archives, Fonds 1244, Item 323
canada
City Hall
courts
history
openness
Toronto
transparency
values
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/8745ad12bb59b693c61e3137b8c4abb7.jpg
319b77f2f838003116dab45151f5433c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canadian Values
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photo
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Stained glass window, City Hall
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
Courts
Toronto City Hall
City halls
Description
An account of the resource
This is a photograph of a stained glass window in Toronto's City Hall
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
William James
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
City of Toronto Archives, Fonds 1244, Item 323
William James [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AStained_glass_window_at_City_Hall.jpg
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1910
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public Domain
Credit: City of Toronto Archives, Fonds 1244, Item 323
William James [Public domain or Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
City of Toronto Archives, Fonds 1244, Item 323
canada
City Hall
courts
history
openness
Toronto
transparency
values
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/9ec29db5016f121e30329a46e54bd4fc.jpg
8242993e596b74f8acbdd57cb333d4a0
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/4c3ecba22d20189f9f79cd4420118aaf.pdf
bac8e57ab051135f35ca9c21aed9e92b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canadian Legal Systems
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada, law, legal systems, common law, civil law, aboriginal legal systems, oral traditions
Description
An account of the resource
This section examines the legal systems that exist in Canada with a particular view to exploring the intersection of these systems with Canadian senses of identity.
Canada has three primary legal traditions: indigenous law, civil law, and common law. Indigenous law is a legal system based on the values of indigenous persons and includes the use of oral traditions in a central way. Common law is a legal system which derives law from judicial precedent. Civil law, in contrast, adjudicates civil matters and is based solely on codified statute.
In this section, we emphasize the interactions and conflicts among Canadian legal systems, as well as the result of said conflict in the justice system. Finally, we examine recommendations to improve congruence among the systems especially vis-à-vis indigenous law.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Samantha Davis
Xavier Monaghan
Xhesika Resuli
Dr. Theresa Miedema, ed.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-2017
Language
A language of the resource
English
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Canada
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Text
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Royal Proclamation, 1763
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
Legal Systems
Indigenous peoples
Indigenous land rights
Indigenous law
Description
An account of the resource
From the website of the Government of Canada, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, "250th Anniversary of the Royal Proclamation of 1763": <br /><blockquote>"On October 7, 1763, King George III issued a Royal Proclamation establishing a new administrative structure for the recently acquired territories in North America. He also established new rules and protocols for future relations with First Nations people. <br /><br />"The Proclamation has two significant parts. First, it defined the land west of the established colonies as "Indian Territories", where First Nations people "should not be molested or disturbed" by settlers and where the Indian Department would be the primary liaison between the Crown and First Nations people; and second, in order to prevent any future abuse, the Proclamation prohibited colonial governors from making any grants or taking any land cessions from First Nations people and established a set of protocols and procedures for the purchasing of First Nations land."</blockquote>
<br />See online: online: <a href="https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1370355181092/1370355203645" target="_blank">https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1370355181092/1370355203645</a>
Image file: image of one of the three existing copies of the Royal Proclamation of 1763
PDF file: Transcript of the Royal Proclamation, 1763
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
King George III of England
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image file: Royal Proclamation, King George III of England Issued October 7, 1763. Broadside. Library and Archives Canada, e010778430, AMICUS no. 7468714
PDF file: derived from Clarence S. Brigham, ed., British Royal Proclamations Relating to America, Volume 12, Transactions and Collections of the American Antiquarian Society (Worcester, Massachusetts: American Antiquarian Society, 1911), pp. 212-18, which reproduces the original text of the Proclamation printed by the King's Printer, Mark Baskett, in London in 1763.
Government of Canada, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, "250th Anniversary of the Royal Proclamation of 1763", online: <a href="https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1370355181092/1370355203645" target="_blank">https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1370355181092/1370355203645</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library and Archives Canada
Government of Canada, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada,
Clarence S. Brigham, ed., British Royal Proclamations Relating to America, Volume 12, Transactions and Collections of the American Antiquarian Society (Worcester, Massachusetts: American Antiquarian Society, 1911),
King's Printer, Mark Baskett, in London, 1763.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
October 7, 1763
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public Domain
Image credit:Library and Archives Canada
Textual transcription credit:Clarence S. Brigham, ed., British Royal Proclamations Relating to America, Volume 12, Transactions and Collections of the American Antiquarian Society (Worcester, Massachusetts: American Antiquarian Society, 1911),
Original text credit: King's Printer, Mark Baskett, in London, 1763
Relation
A related resource
Government of Canada, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, "250th Anniversary of the Royal Proclamation of 1763", online: <a href="https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1370355181092/1370355203645" target="_blank">https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1370355181092/1370355203645</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
text file/PDF
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text
1763
canada
history
Indigenous land rights
Indigenous law
Indigenous Peoples
Royal Proclamation
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/2340a9b8772f10cbfeb5a227f4e3f59e.jpg
ac28a813f0ce0c784f18afe5bc20beb1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canada, Law & Religion
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Replica of British North American Act, 1867
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
History
Confederation
British North America Act (1867)
Freedom of Religion
Description
An account of the resource
Above, is an exact replica of the BNA Act, sent to Canada by the British government, in honour of Canada’s 150th Birthday. The BNA Act was a symbolic piece of Canadian History, especially one of religious significance, as it protected freedom of religion (at least for Christians) in the new country.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Photographer: Rod, MacIvor
Ottawa Citizen
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rod, MacIvor/Ottawa Citizen/Files. "BNA Act". Online: www.ottawacitizen.com. Postmedia Network Inc., 30 Dec. 2012
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Ottawa Citizen, online: www.ottawacitizen.com
Postmedia Network Inc.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
30 December, 2012
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
(c) Rod, MacIvor
(c) Ottawa Citizen
Postmedia Network Inc.,
Relation
A related resource
Randy Boswell, "When Canada turns 150: Time to get the BNA Act into Canadian hands, former archivist says" <em>PostMedia News</em> (December 30, 2012), <a href="http://www.canada.com/when+canada+turns+time+into+canadian+hands+former+archivist+says/7758110/story.html" target="_blank">online: http://www.canada.com/when+canada+turns+time+into+canadian+hands+former+archivist+says/7758110/story.html</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Still image
British North America Act
canada
Confederation
history
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/1209a3ef8f5f9f4a1166a01567dfa543.jpg
d09532249f5ce76044c6667a2f68ff51
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photo
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Relocation of Japanese-Canadians to internment camps, 1942
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada, history, Japanese internment, World War II
Description
An account of the resource
Photograph depicting the relocation of Japanese-Canadians to internment camps, 1942
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Tak Toyota (photographer) / Library and Archives Canada / C-046350
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Photographer: Tak Toyota<br />Library and Archives Canada / C-046350 h<a href="https://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/public_mikan/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayEcopies&lang=eng&rec_nbr=3193859&title=Relocation+of+Japanese-Canadians+to+internment+camps+in+the+interior+of+British+Columbia.+&ecopy=c046350">ttps://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/public_mikan/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayEcopies&lang=eng&rec_nbr=3193859&title=Relocation+of+Japanese-Canadians+to+internment+camps+in+the+interior+of+British+Columbia.+&ecopy=c046350</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library and Archives Canada
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public domain
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still image
canada
history
Japanese internment
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/825449cd330198b39157c5b994da0d9b.jpg
29976b7e08669a4f0d5e0dd29acf4eaa
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canadian Values
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Text
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Recruitment advertisement for North-West Mounted Police
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
Policing
North-West Mounted Police
Description
An account of the resource
This notice appeared as an advertisement in Halifax in 1873. In the advertisement, the government of Canada sought twenty young men for service in the North West Mounted Police. The men were required to be of good character, single, between the ages of 20 and 35, and capable of riding. The recruits would be required to serve a term of three years. Compensation included a grant of 160 acres of land, with right of choice.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Glenbow Archives, File number: NA-2603-2
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
October 2, 1873.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public domain
Relation
A related resource
Glenbow Archives, File number: NA-2603-2
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Glenbow Archives, File number: NA-2603-2
canada
history
order
peace
RCMP
rule of law
values
Western Canada
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/2a981a984eff8c19b4e3dea8fe159170.jpg
e3b2b9a06f258722ec6a1d33a631d491
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rally on Parliament Hill in support of redress for Japanese Canadians
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada, history, Japanese Canadians, Japanese internment, redress, reconciliation, rally, protest
Description
An account of the resource
Japanese Canadians, along with many prominent Canadians, rally on Parliament Hill in support of redress (April 14th, 1988)
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Nikkei Stories: <a href="http://nikkeistories.com/#chronology/4" target="_blank">http://nikkeistories.com/#chronology/4</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
April 14, 1988
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
via Nikkei Stories: <a href="http://nikkeistories.com/#chronology/4" target="_blank">http://nikkeistories.com/#chronology/4</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
canada
history
Japanese Canadians
Japanese internment
protests
reconciliation
redress
seizure of property
-
Sound
A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Radio Broadcast
Duration
Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.)
0:5:41
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Radio Broadcast: Japanese Canadians celebrate after government apologizes
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada, Japanese internment, Redress Agreement, compensation, reconciliation
Description
An account of the resource
CBC Radio Broadcast "The World at Six": reporting on how Japanese Canadians celebrated after the announcement of the Redress Agreement
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CBC Radio "The World at Six"
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
CBC Radio/Radio-Canada
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
CBC Digital Archives: h<a href="http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/japanese-canadians-celebrating-success" target="_blank">ttp://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/japanese-canadians-celebrating-success</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
September 22, 1988
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Guests:
Gerry Weiner, Amy Yamasaki, Shirley Yamata, George Ymai
Host:
Barbara Budd, Russ Germain
Reporter:
Rick MacInnes-Rae, Jeannette Matthey
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
CBC Radio/Radio-Canada
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Hyperlink to audio file
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Sound file
Streaming Video
Elements needed for streaming video for the VideoStream Plugin
Video Filename
Actual filename of the video on the video source server
Japanese Canadians celebrate after government apologizes
Video Streaming URL
Actual URL of the streaming server without the filename
<a href="http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/japanese-canadians-celebrating-success" target="_blank">http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/japanese-canadians-celebrating-success</a>
Video Source
Source of video. Streaming server, YouTube, etc.
CBC Digital Archives
apology
canada
history
Japanese Canadians
Japanese internment
redress
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/231e7a5ab23bd97c15f045916a9eaca7.jpg
8a560ba6b9e649210158a7ff9291dde4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canadian Values
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Text
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Order-in-Council, North-West Mounted Police Force – [Minister of] Justice, 27 August, 1873 / Décret, Police à cheval du Nord-Ouest – [ministre de la] Justice, 27 août 1873
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
history
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Description
An account of the resource
This is a photograph of the first page of the Order-in-Council that recommended the establishment of the North-West Mounted Police (which would later become the RCMP). The recommendation was made by the Minister of Justice, and was approved two days after its submission.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Privy Council Office
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Library and Archives Canada
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
August, 1873
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public Domain
Credit: Library and Archives Canada
Credit: Canada. Privy Council Office.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Order in Council no. 1873-1134
canada
history
order
RCMP
values
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/205fc3dbfe5afe0f5a8e3ad0001daab8.jpg
bab331fc9a958e734efbf872b97ef760
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canada, Law & Religion
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
John George Lambton, First Earl of Durham
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
History
French-English relations
Lord Durham's Report
religion
Description
An account of the resource
This is a photograph of ohn George Lambton, First Earl of Durham. Lord Durham was the Governor General of British North America from 1837 to 1838. He was sent to British North America to investigate the causes of the 1837 rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada. His subsequent report placed the responsibility for the rebellions squarely on "racial" differences between the English and French. His proposed response was cultural assassination of the French into the English character in order to create unity in the colony.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Library and Archives Canada/Accession No. 1984-79
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library and Archives Canada/Accession No. 1984-79
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Unknown
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public domain
Library and Archives Canada/Accession No. 1984-79
Relation
A related resource
Link to key portions of Lord Durham's Report via www.canadahistory.com: <a href="http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/People/notes/Durham%20Report.html" target="_blank">http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/People/notes/Durham%20Report.html</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
still image
assimilation
canada
Durham report
French-English relations
history
Lord Durham
religion
-
Website
A resource comprising of a web page or web pages and all related assets ( such as images, sound and video files, etc. ).
Local URL
The URL of the local directory containing all assets of the website
<a title="Japanese Canadian History" href="http://www.japanesecanadianhistory.net/">http://www.japanesecanadianhistory.net/</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Japanese Canadian History
Subject
The topic of the resource
History, Canada, Japanese Canadians, internment, social science resources
Description
An account of the resource
"The Japanese Canadian history web site is a companion to resource books developed with a Networks Grant from the Ministry of Education on the internment of Japanese Canadians from 1942 to 1949 and the attainment of redress in 1988. “Internment and Redress: The Story of Japanese Canadians” is a resource guide for teachers of grade 5 Social Studies, and “Internment and Redress: The Japanese Canadian Experience" is a resource guide for Social Studies 11 teachers. The website was developed to provide organizational support to social studies teachers and students in the K-12 school system in British Columbia." Source: h<a href="http://www.japanesecanadianhistory.net/home_page.htm">ttp://www.japanesecanadianhistory.net/home_page.htm</a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Masako Fukawa, Project Leader, teacher and administrator
Rick Beardsley, School District No. 38 (Richmond)
Bruce Kiloh, School District No. 43 (Coquitlam)
Greg Miyanaga, School District No. 43 (Coquitlam)
Richard Per, School District No. 41 (Burnaby)
Susan Sayuri Nishi, School District No. 38 (Richmond)
Patricia Tanaka, School District No. 43 (Coquitlam)
Jane Turner, School District No. 41 (Burnaby)
Mike Whittingham, School District No. 38 (Richmond)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-1949, 1988
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Stanley Fukawa, Sociologist
Keiko Mary Kitagawa, Greater Vancouver Japanese Canadian Citizens' Association - Human Rights Committee
Tosh Kitagawa, Greater Vancouver Japanese Canadian Citizens' Associatlon - Human Rights Committee
Funding provided by a Networks Grant provided by the Ministry of Education
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
(c) 2011, Networks Project, British Columba
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Website
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Website
canada
history
Japanese internment
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/1033733bbb6f3781048a66b4f13a2999.jpg
4f8b057be8282821fb9fdfd45c594df0
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canadian Values
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Interior of the Old Supreme Court of Canada
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
Courts
Supreme Court of Canada
Description
An account of the resource
This is a photograph of the interior of Canada's Supreme Court of Canada in 1890. At this time, the Supreme Court of Canada was not the highest court in Canada. Decisions of the Supreme Court of Canada could be appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
William James Topley
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Private
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William James Topley, "Interior of the Old Supreme Court of Canada" (1890), via: Library and Archives Canada
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public Domain
Credit: William James Topley, "Interior of the Old Supreme Court of Canada" (1890), via: Library and Archives Canada
Relation
A related resource
Library and Archives Canada records: <a href="http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&rec_nbr=3422514" target="_blank">http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&rec_nbr=3422514</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Online MIKAN no. 3422514 (1 item)
DAPDCAP355457
canada
courts
history
openness
Supreme Court of Canada
transparency
values
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/8375d84e138409ad95e90d1b71ed3749.jpg
bf8334497f282c3ec82f7eda2287c672
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canadian Legal Systems
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada, law, legal systems, common law, civil law, aboriginal legal systems, oral traditions
Description
An account of the resource
This section examines the legal systems that exist in Canada with a particular view to exploring the intersection of these systems with Canadian senses of identity.
Canada has three primary legal traditions: indigenous law, civil law, and common law. Indigenous law is a legal system based on the values of indigenous persons and includes the use of oral traditions in a central way. Common law is a legal system which derives law from judicial precedent. Civil law, in contrast, adjudicates civil matters and is based solely on codified statute.
In this section, we emphasize the interactions and conflicts among Canadian legal systems, as well as the result of said conflict in the justice system. Finally, we examine recommendations to improve congruence among the systems especially vis-à-vis indigenous law.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Samantha Davis
Xavier Monaghan
Xhesika Resuli
Dr. Theresa Miedema, ed.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-2017
Language
A language of the resource
English
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Canada
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Text
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Image: Bijuralism: A Timeline
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
Legal system
history
Bijuralism
Description
An account of the resource
This image is a timeline that illustrates key historic moments related to the development of bijuralism in Canada.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Canada, Department of Justice
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Canada, Department of Justice, "Bijuralism and Harmonization: Bijuralism: A Timeline", online: <a href="http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/csj-sjc/harmonization/bijurilex/timeline-ligne.html" target="_blank">http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/csj-sjc/harmonization/bijurilex/timeline-ligne.html</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Government of Canada, Department of Justice
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
January 7, 2015
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
(c) Government of Canada
(c) Canada, Department of Justice
Relation
A related resource
Canada, Department of Justice, "Bijuralism and Harmonization: Bijuralism: A Timeline", online: <a href="http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/csj-sjc/harmonization/bijurilex/timeline-ligne.html" target="_blank">http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/csj-sjc/harmonization/bijurilex/timeline-ligne.html</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
bijuralism
canada
civil law
common law
history
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/d45482ab0f2689b912e7bb47869a847a.jpg
a305d9b82dd1829f07990faa9a2004bf
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Group photograph of Steveston fishermen working on sugar beet farm, Iron Springs, Alberta,
Subject
The topic of the resource
History, Canada, Japanese Internment
Description
An account of the resource
Group photograph of Steveston fisherman who relocated to Iron Springs, AB. The men worked on a beet farm in the area.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Original Format: University of British Columbia Library. Rare Books are Special Collections. Japanese Canadian Research Collection. JCPC_ 25_088 <a href="https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/jphotos/items/1.0049060">https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/jphotos/items/1.0049060</a> <br /><br /><span>DOI: 10.14288/1.0049060</span>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Photographs received from Wakayama Group Vancouver.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
These images are provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy or otherwise use these images must be obtained from Rare Books & Special Collections: http://rbsc.library.ubc.ca/
DOI: 10.14288/1.0049060
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photographs
Still image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Japanese Canadian Research Collection: JCPC_ 25_088
canada
history
Japanese Canadians
Japanese internment
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/0f0c8dc95036d926f3a45cfd93392b24.jpg
e9a930b91d697b9946722d9374aee337
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Race, Space, and Place
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Lithotint
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Gentlemen of England vs. Toronto Cricket Club, 1872
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
ethnic identity
culture
cricket
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1875
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still image
Lithotint
Description
An account of the resource
Match 2-4 September 1872, at Toronto Cricket Club grounds n. side College st. e. of St. George St.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rolph, Smith and Co. Toronto
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Designed & Lithographed by Rolph, Smith and Co. Toronto, “Gentlemen of England vs. Toronto Cricket Club ,” TPL Virtual Exhibits,
Toronto Public Library, Toronto Reference Library Blog, "That's not cricket...or is it?", online: <a href="http://torontopubliclibrary.typepad.com/trl/2011/06/its-not-cricket-or-is-it.html" target="_blank">http://torontopubliclibrary.typepad.com/trl/2011/06/its-not-cricket-or-is-it.html</a>
Toronto Public Library Virtual Exhibit, "Toronto's Sporting Past: Cricket", online: <a href="http://omeka.tplcs.ca/virtual-exhibits/exhibits/show/sports-history/field-sports/cricket" target="_blank">http://omeka.tplcs.ca/virtual-exhibits/exhibits/show/sports-history/field-sports/cricket</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rolph, Smith and Co, Toronto,
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public Domain
canada
cricket
history
race
sports
Toronto
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/ae6f98301ad100b91673b44372e82c45.jpg
4f8a022a6b8d70ca6f3872738ace312a
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fishermen's Reserve rounding up Japanese-Canadian fishing vessels.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada, history, Japanese internment, seizure of property
Description
An account of the resource
The photo shows hundreds of fishing boats owned by Japanese-Canadians that were rounded up and seized, prior to being sold by the Custodian of Enemy Property.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Canada. Dept. of National Defence. Dept. of National Defence
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Canada. Dept. of National Defence / Library and Archives Canada / PA-037467 See: <a href="http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&lang=eng&rec_nbr=3193627">http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&lang=eng&rec_nbr=3193627</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library and Archives Canada
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
December 10, 1941
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public Domain
Credit: Canada. Dept. of National Defence / Library and Archives Canada / PA-037467
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MIKAN no. 3193627
canada
history
Japanese Canadians
Japanese internment
seizure of property
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/f435c6fbeff4e0e49234b2a4dea3255f.jpg
66aaf90823d427f3d00f5c01f0566845
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photo
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Confiscation of Japanese-Canadian man's fishing boat by Canadian Navy
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada, history, Japanese internment, seizure of property
Description
An account of the resource
Japanese Canadian fishermen having their boat confiscated by a Royal Canadian Navy Officer, 1941.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Royal Canadian Navy, Department of National Defense
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
By R.C.N. DND (Library and Archives Canada DAPDCAP 556450) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library and Archives Canada/
LAC via Wikimedia Commons
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
9 December 1941
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public domain
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
R.C.N. DND - Library and Archives Canada DAPDCAP 556450
canada
history
Japanese Canadians
Japanese internment
seizure of property
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Multiculturalism & Canadian Identity
Language
A language of the resource
English
Sound
A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Streaming audio
Duration
Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.)
0:02:22
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canada is ‘tricultural’: English, French and aboriginal
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism
Indigenous Peoples
Description
An account of the resource
From the CBC Digital Archives, online: <a href="http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/canada-is-actually-tricultural" target="_blank">http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/canada-is-actually-tricultural:</a><br /><blockquote>The Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism has forgotten one of the country's founding nations -- Native Canadians. Mrs. Monteur of the National Indian Council insists that rather than being bicultural, Canada is actually "tricultural." Monteur addresses commission members on their cross-country tour, as heard in this 1963 CBC Radio recording. Commission members also hear a humorous account from Walter Bossey of the Canadian Mosaic Federation. He tells the story of his large family and their various intercultural marriages. His third-born son, for example, married a Jewish immigrant. And one of his daughters married a Canadian from Scotland. After submitting these as arguments for why his country is not just French and English, he asks: "Who are we now?"</blockquote>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CBC Radio, Sunday Morning Magazine
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
CBC Radio, Sunday Morning Magazine, via CBC Digital Archives: http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/canada-is-actually-tricultural
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
CBC Radio
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Nov. 10, 1963
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Guest(s):
Walter Bossey, Mrs. Monteur
Host:
Bruce Rogers
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
(c) CBC Radio
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Streaming audio
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Streaming audio
Streaming Video
Elements needed for streaming video for the VideoStream Plugin
Video Filename
Actual filename of the video on the video source server
Canada is ‘tricultural’: English, French and aboriginal
Video Streaming URL
Actual URL of the streaming server without the filename
<iframe src="//www.cbc.ca/i/caffeine/syndicate/?mediaId=1724535289" frameborder="0" width="757" height="240"></iframe>
Online: http://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1724535289/
Video Source
Source of video. Streaming server, YouTube, etc.
CBC Digital Archives
Bi and Bi Commission
Bicultralism and Bilingualism
canada
cultural identity
history
Indigenous Peoples
multiculturalism
Royal Commission
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Indigenous Peoples, Land, and the Law in Canada
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://firststoryblog.wordpress.com/2014/04/29/lake-ontario/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Blog Post: First Stories: "Places: Lake Ontario"
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
Ontario: Toronto
Lake Ontario
Indigenous legal tradition
Indigenous land rights
Description
An account of the resource
This blog post tells the story of Lake Ontario. The blog as a whole focuses on the Aboriginal history of Toronto using story telling.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Jennie Fiddes
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jennie Fiddes, First StoryTO, blog post: "Lake Ontario": <a href="https://firststoryblog.wordpress.com/2014/04/29/lake-ontario/" target="_blank">https://firststoryblog.wordpress.com/2014/04/29/lake-ontario/</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
First Story Toronto: Exploring the Aboriginal History of Toronto, website: <a href="https://firststoryblog.wordpress.com/aboutfirststory/" target="_blank">https://firststoryblog.wordpress.com/aboutfirststory/</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
April 29, 2014
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
First Story TO
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
(c) Jennie Fiddes
(c) First Story Toronto
Relation
A related resource
First Story Toronto: Exploring the Aboriginal History of Toronto, website: <a href="https://firststoryblog.wordpress.com/aboutfirststory/" target="_blank">https://firststoryblog.wordpress.com/aboutfirststory/</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Hyperlink
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Blog post
canada
First Nations
history
Indigenous land rights
Indigenous Peoples
Lake Ontario
story telling
Toronto
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/957f604bf59a13b11d8bc8556e64ef3d.jpg
2c782179b4caa60a8219593071c5e03d
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
An act to confer certain powers upon the Governor in Council and to amend the immigration act (the "War Measures Act")
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada, history, Japanese Canadians, Japanese internment, War Measures Act
Description
An account of the resource
The War Measures Act is a Canadian Statute, first introduced in 1914. The purpose of the Act was to give the federal government absolute authority in times of war and other moments of national crisis.
In 1942, Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King used the War Measures Act to deal with Japanese-Canadians (who were deemed as enemies of the state). That is, the War Measures Act gave him the power to invoke laws/legislation that would have otherwise violated the existing laws.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Parliament of Canada
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Ottawa : J. de L. Taché, [1914]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Early Canadiana Online: <a href="http://eco.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.9_08039">http://eco.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.9_08039</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Not clear.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph of document
canada
history
Japanese Canadians
Japanese internment
War Measures Act
-
https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/5200345928f3d87ee990cefeff89515d.jpg
55efb4be2790a941318e1aa3703b3769
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canada, Law & Religion
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Text
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
“The Definitive Treaty of Peace and Friendship between His Britannick Majesty, the Most Christian King, and the King of Spain: concluded at Paris, the 10th day of February, 1763; to which the King of Portugal acceded on the same day”
Subject
The topic of the resource
Canada
History
Treaty of Paris
English-French Relations
Description
An account of the resource
This is a photograph of the Treaty of Paris, 1763. Through the signatures of England, France and Spain, the French rule of the Québec colony was transferred to the British. Section 4 of the Treaty gives the French in Quebec the right to practice Catholicism.
Note: Image has been modified from its original format
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Filmed from a copy of the original publication held by the Library of the Public Archives of Canada
Governments of Great Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Internet Archive: <a href="https://archive.org/details/cihm_48439" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/cihm_48439</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
London : Printed by E. Owen and T. Harrison
University of Alberta Libraries
Internet Archive:
Library and Public Archives of Canada
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1763
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
University of Alberta Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Public Domain
Internet Archive
University of Alberta
Library and Archives Canada
Relation
A related resource
Internet Archive: Treaty of Paris: <a href="https://archive.org/details/cihm_48439" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/cihm_48439</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
image file/jpeg
Language
A language of the resource
English
French
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
cihm_48439
canada
English-French Relations
history
Treaty of Paris