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<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="2219" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/items/show/2219?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-06-06T18:27:45-04:00">
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      <src>https://exhibits.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/562d948065860226b4414f5ad22b87a4.jpg</src>
      <authentication>e18e138a19b37c1dc73fff9b4473dcbb</authentication>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9973">
                <text>Chinese Head Tax</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9976">
                <text>Canada, law, history, Chinese Head Tax, xenophobia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9979">
                <text>This collection contains images and other resources related to Canada's Chinese head tax.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9982">
                <text>Raoof Zamanifar&#13;
Ed. Dr. Theresa E. Miedema</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
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  <itemType itemTypeId="6">
    <name>Still Image</name>
    <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
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      <element elementId="7">
        <name>Original Format</name>
        <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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          <elementText elementTextId="10034">
            <text>paper</text>
          </elementText>
          <elementText elementTextId="10037">
            <text>drawing</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
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    </elementContainer>
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    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9986">
              <text>""Free Labour in the United States" (Cartoon from &lt;em&gt;Canadian Illustrated News&lt;/em&gt;, 1870)</text>
            </elementText>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="9989">
              <text>Canada, Chinese Head Tax, history, xenophobia, immigration</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9992">
              <text>The is a cartoon that was published in the &lt;em&gt;Canadian Illustrated News&lt;/em&gt; in 1870. This cartoon depicts a Chinese man stealing the boot of a white man.  The Chinese man is being beaten by Uncle Sam and two other white men. This provides a concrete example of how the Chinese were stereotyped and viewed as a threat to Canadian wellbeing</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9995">
              <text>Unknown</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="9998">
              <text>&lt;em&gt;Canadian Illustrated News&lt;/em&gt;, October 15, 1870, p. 260</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="10001">
              <text>Library and Archives Canada: h&lt;a href="via%20Library%20and%20Archives%20Canada%3A%20https%3A//www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/public_mikan/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&amp;amp;lang=eng&amp;amp;rec_nbr=2913882&amp;amp;rec_nbr_list=2913882" target="_blank"&gt;ttps://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/public_mikan/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&amp;amp;lang=eng&amp;amp;rec_nbr=2913882&amp;amp;rec_nbr_list=2913882&lt;/a&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="45">
          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10004">
              <text>Library and Archives Canada: h&lt;a href="via%20Library%20and%20Archives%20Canada%3A%20https%3A//www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/public_mikan/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&amp;amp;lang=eng&amp;amp;rec_nbr=2913882&amp;amp;rec_nbr_list=2913882" target="_blank"&gt;ttps://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/public_mikan/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&amp;amp;lang=eng&amp;amp;rec_nbr=2913882&amp;amp;rec_nbr_list=2913882&lt;/a&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="10007">
              <text>Canadian Illustrated News, October 15, 1870, p. 260</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10010">
              <text>October 15, 1870</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="47">
          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10013">
              <text>Public domain</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="10016">
              <text>Credit: Library and Archives Canada</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="42">
          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10019">
              <text>image file/jpeg</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="44">
          <name>Language</name>
          <description>A language of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10022">
              <text>English</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10025">
              <text>1 print / estampe : leggotype on wove paper</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="43">
          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10028">
              <text>Online MIKAN no. 2913882</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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    <tag tagId="9">
      <name>canada</name>
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    <tag tagId="176">
      <name>Chinese Head Tax</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="115">
      <name>xenophobia</name>
    </tag>
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</item>
