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Canada and the Second Berlin Crisis, 1961-1962

  • 29 September 1961: “Nuclear Shot Across the Bow”
  • 11 October 1961: Overview of LIVE OAK
  • 18 October 1961: Léger to Ignatieff
  • 19 October 1961: Memorandum for the Prime Minister
  • 21 November 1961: Instructions for Léger
  • 4 December 1961: “The Inability of the Alliance to Agree”
  • 9 February 1962: Briefing Papers
  • 24 February 1962: “The Will and the Ability of the Alliance to Use Nuclear Weapons”
  • 16 September 1962: Khrushchev's Berlin Plan
  • 18 September 1962: “Grave Doubts about Usefulness of the Plan”
  • 21 September 1962: Canadian Concerns
  • 5 October 1962: Ignatieff Briefing
  • 11 October 1962: Unanswered Questions
  • 24 October 1962: Selective Use of Nuclear Weapons
  • 25 October 1962: “Berlin Contingency Planning Has Not Been Very Successful”
  • 26 October 1962: Canada, An Obstacle?
  • 27 October 1962: Ignatieff Seeks Clarification
  • 29 October 1962: To the Prime Minister
  • 31 October 1962: A Final Decision
  • Further Reading
  • Copyright Information
  • About the Author

About the Author

Alexandra Southgate is a History student at Victoria College, University of Toronto. She is interested in the Cold War and Canadian foreign policy and has conducted research in this area as a Jackman Scholar-in-Residence, a Rutherford Research Assistant, and a Northrop Frye Centre Undergraduate Fellow. 

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