Section 4 - Salvation Beyond the Nation 超越国界的救赎

James G. Endicott’s life was defined by his courage to challenge established norms and political loyalties, often at great personal cost. After resigning from the West China mission in 1946, Jim criticized the Nationalist Party in reports he sent back to Canada’s Bureau of External Affairs, which recommended the government distance itself from a regime he felt had no political future in China. The following year, Jim returned to Canada and embarked on a year-long speaking tour on which he shared his positive evaluation of the Chinese Revolution. He later founded the Canadian Peace Congress and joined the World Peace Council alongside notable figures like Pablo Picasso, W.E.B. Dubois, and Paul Robeson. In 1950, Jim helped draft the Stockholm Appeal for a nuclear weapons ban, signed by 300,000 Canadians.      

During the Korean War, Jim criticized Western involvement at speaking events hosted around the globe by the World Council of Peace. In 1952, he accused the US of experimenting with biological warfare in Korea and Northeast China, and his statement condemning these actions was broadcast by Radio Moscow. This led to calls for Jim to be tried for treason, a course the Canadian government considered but ultimately abandoned. Jim’s status as one of the most controversial figures of Canada’s Cold War was cemented when he accepted the Stalin Peace Prize in 1953. In his acceptance speech, referenced in Rebel Out of China, Jim told the audience seated at the Kremlin that he understood the peace movement as an extension of his missionary experience in China. “Then, as now, he said, he had sought to establish a practical basis for universal brotherhood.” 

文幼章的一生充满了敢于挑战既定规范和政治忠诚的精神，他常常因此付出巨大的个人代价。1944年返回中国后，他公开反对国民政府在华西协合大学校园内设立和维持警察系统。这一反对立场引发了他与其他传教士及大学同事之间的冲突，最终导致他于1946年辞职。文幼章对国民党的公开批评还反映在他向加拿大外事局提交的报告中。在这些报告中，文幼章建议加拿大政府与他认为在中国没有政治前途的国民党政府保持距离。  

1947年，文幼章返回加拿大，展开为期一年的巡回演讲，公开谴责政府将剩余军火出售给国民党，并分享他对中国革命的独到见解。他创建了加拿大和平大会，负责组织工作，并在世界和平理事会担任职务，期间与Pablo Picasso、W.E.B. Du Bois、Paul Robeson等知名人士共事。1950年，他协助起草了《斯德哥尔摩宣言》，呼吁全面禁止核武器。在国内，文幼章组织了示威活动，收集了超过30万份支持这一运动的签名。  

1950年朝鲜战争爆发后，文幼章在世界和平理事会举办的全球演讲活动中公开批评西方国家的介入。1952年，他指控美国在朝鲜和中国东北地区进行生物战试验。这些言论通过莫斯科广播电台广泛传播，引发了加拿大政府要求以叛国罪审判他的呼声。尽管政府曾考虑过这一提议，但最终未予采纳。1953年，文幼章获得了斯大林和平奖，成为加拿大冷战时期最具争议的人物之一。在克里姆林宫领奖时，他在致辞中表示，自己将和平运动视为其在中国传教经验的延续。他说：“无论是过去还是现在，我始终致力于为实现普遍的兄弟情谊，建立一个切实可行的基础而努力。”